Yom Kippur, Day of Atonement, begins Tuesday night and continues through Wednesday, for a period of 25 hours. Some fast an additional hour to conform to the numerical value of G-d's name which adds up to 26.
Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the year.
When the Hebrew calendar was set over 2000 years ago, it was set in such a way that Yom Kippur can be only on Monday, Wednesday, Thursday or Shabbat. Yom Kippur cannot fall on a Sunday, Tuesday, or Friday.
The day before Yom Kippur it is customary to put out charity-plates in synagogue, so that people can give extra charity.
During each of the Yom Kippur services we confess for
the sins we may have committed. We even confess for sins we are sure we didn't commit. We confess in the plural; We have transgressed...
Q. Why are the confessions said in the plural? Why do we confess and ask forgiveness for sins we have not even committed?
A. Our rabbis explain that as Jews we are not only responsible for
our own deeds, but also for our fellow Jews as well. If another Jew transgresses, we are all partly responsible. Thus, we confess in the plural, as we confess not only for our sins, but also for those committed by others.
Q. What is the connection between fasting and the Day of Atonement?
A. There are a number of reasons:
1) Being the Day of Atonement, it is fitting for us to spend the day with spiritual matters and not physical pleasures.
2) Fasting humbles a person. Thus, on Yom Kippur, when we must repent with all our heart and with humility, we refrain from eating or drinking.
3) On Yom Kippur, when we are forgiven for our sins, we are considered as pure as angels,
who have no sin. We express this by acting like angels who don't eat or drink.
Q. Why is it customary that "Tzedakah plates" or "Tzedakah boxes" from various charities are placed in the synagogue Erev (day before) Yom Kippur into which everyone contributes before the holiday?
A. In the Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur prayers we say, "Repentance,
prayer and charity nullify a bad decree." Since it is forbidden to handle money on Yom Kippur, we give extra charity on the day before Yom Kippur. We pray that our mercy to others will invoke G-d's mercy toward us.